主要内容：背景及目标:新陈代谢的研究有显示咖啡对胆固醇石之形成中的一些肝胆管过程起积极作用。我们曾经阐明过咖啡对男性胆结石有防治作用。方法:我们在 80,898 个34 -59 岁的在1980 没有胆结石病女性中调查了在咖啡喝和胆切除手术及具有征候的胆结石疾病的关联, 我们通过历时两年的邮寄问卷调查研究了咖啡消费与胆切除术的关系。结果:在到2000年历时 20年的追踪期间，7,811个女性仅报告了一个胆切除术。与之相比，饮咖啡的人的风险 (每天0,1,2-3, 和大于或等于4杯) 的患病概率是1.0,0.91,0.78, 和 0.72 。来自酒精饮料和饮食的咖啡因具备相同的作用。随着饮咖啡量的增多，危险指数增加：小于或等于25,26-100,101-200,201-400,401-800, 和 >800 毫克/日的逐渐增加的种类危险是 1.0,1.03,1.01,0.94,0.85和 0.85。在对比中，不含咖啡因的咖啡则没有防治作用。
结论: 咖啡可降低女性患胆结石的危险。
Coffee intake is associated with lower risk of symptomatic gallstone disease in women.
Leitzmann MF, Stampfer MJ, Willett WC, Spiegelman D, Colditz GA, Giovannucci EL. Gastroenterology. 2002 Dec;123(6):1823-30.
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Metabolic studies have shown that coffee affects several hepatobiliary processes that are involved in cholesterol lithogenesis. We previously showed that coffee drinking was associated with a lower risk of symptomatic gallstone disease in men. METHODS: We prospectively examined the association between coffee drinking and cholecystectomy, a surrogate of symptomatic gallstone disease, in a cohort of 80,898 women age 34-59 years in 1980 who had no history of gallstone disease. Coffee consumption and cholecystectomy were reported by participants on biennial mailed questionnaires. RESULTS: During 20 years of follow-up to the year 2000, 7,811 women reported a cholecystectomy. Compared with women who consistently reported consuming no caffeinated coffee, the multivariate relative risks (adjusting for risk factors for gallstone disease) of cholecystectomy comparing increasing categories of consistent intake of caffeinated coffee (0, 1, 2-3, and > or =4 cups/day) were 1.0, 0.91, 0.78, and 0.72 (95% confidence interval comparing extreme categories, 0.62-0.84; P value of test for trend < 0.0001). Caffeine intake from beverages and dietary sources was also inversely associated with risk of cholecystectomy. The multivariate relative risks comparing increasing categories of caffeine intake (< or =25, 26-100, 101-200, 201-400, 401-800, and >800 mg/day) were 1.0, 1.03, 1.01, 0.94, 0.85, and 0.85 (95% confidence interval comparing extreme categories, 0.74-0.96; P value of test for trend < 0.0001). In contrast, decaffeinated coffee was not associated with risk. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that consumption of caffeinated coffee may play a role in the prevention of symptomatic gallstone disease in women.
